1. Compensation for non-neutrality

Misalignment occurs when the mating surface of the journal or the mating surface of the bearing seat is machined, especially when the machining of the mating surface is not completed in one installation. Misalignment can also occur when using bearing housings (e.g. flanged bearing housings or plummer housings). Misalignment can also occur when the shaft is bent and deformed due to working loads, causing the inner and outer rings of the bearing to tilt.

Spherical bearings can compensate for misalignment and inclination, such as: spherical ball bearings, pendant roller bearings, radial and thrust spherical roller bearings. This type of bearing has a concave spherical outer ring raceway in which the rolling elements and inner ring can rotate. The ability of these bearings to compensate for shaft deflection depends on their type, size and load conditions.

Both spherical outer bearings and thrust ball bearings with a seat ring have a spherical bearing surface: when installed in a concave spherical seat ring, the deflection angle can be adjusted to compensate.

Rotating speed

Single-row bearings have particularly low friction and therefore can achieve high speeds. Such bearings include deep groove ball bearings that can only bear radial loads and angular contact ball bearings that can bear combined loads.

Improving the dimensional accuracy, rotational accuracy and mating part accuracy of the bearing, adopting advanced lubrication and cooling methods, and using special forms of cages can all increase the allowable speed of the bearing.

Low noise operation

Small motors, office equipment and household appliances generally require low operating noise levels.

2. Conical hole

Bearings with tapered bores can be mounted directly on tapered journals (e.g. single- and double-row cylindrical roller bearings in high-precision construction). When installing this type of bearing, a given radial clearance can be adjusted.

Most self-aligning ball bearings, drum roller bearings and spherical roller bearings with a tapered bore can be mounted on a cylindrical journal with an adapter sleeve. This type of bearing is particularly easy to install and disassemble.

3. Stiffness

The stiffness of a bearing usually refers to the force required to produce a certain elastic deformation of the bearing. The bearings on the machine tool spindle and pinion shaft require high stiffness. Due to the different contact conditions between rolling elements and raceways, the stiffness of roller bearings is higher than that of ball bearings.

4. Friction

In addition to being heated and dissipated, internal friction also plays a large role in determining the operating temperature of the bearing. Low friction bearings include: deep groove ball bearings that bear radial loads, single row angular contact ball bearings and cylindrical roller bearings with cages. Contact sealed bearings, full complement cylindrical roller bearings and thrust roller bearings all generate large friction forces